The Biggest Estate on Earth: How Aborigines made Australia is a 2011 book written by Bill Gammage detailing land-management strategies from around Australia. The book rewrites the history of the continent with huge implications for today.

Simultaneously about landscape, Country and identity, The Biggest Estate on Earth is a large work that melds Indigenous and non-Indigenous history, art, anthropology, botany and environmental science. It reveals the complex, Country-wide systems of land management used by Aboriginal people in pre-settlement Australia. These systems were ultimately displaced and dismantled by early Europeans settlers, who commented again and again that the land looked like a park, with extensive grassy patches and pathways, open woodlands, and abundant wildlife.

Unlike the narratives of otherwise predominant Australian historical literature, Gammage outlines a vision of pre-settlement Australia boldly described as the largest complete design project on earth; an extraordinarily complex system of land management projects, using fire, the life cycles of native plants, and the natural flow of water to ensure plentiful wildlife and plant foods throughout the year. The Biggest Estate on Earth is a vital resource for re-articulating the scale, ingenuity and vision First Nations Australia, and a crucial lifeline in the fight to revalue historically oppressed forms of knowledge and climatological expertise.

This text was the result of online research and a reading of the publication, borrowing from the publisher's official description and a review written by Shaneen Fantin.